競技プログラミング用 C++ ライブラリ
data_structure/range_affine_range_sum.hpp · GitHub で見る
共通ページ
区間の各値を a*x+b に変更し、区間和を求めます。
#include "lib/data_structure/range_affine_range_sum.hpp"
RangeAffineRangeSum<> values(std::vector<mint>{1, 2, 3});
values.apply(0, 2, mint(2), mint(1)); // {3,5,3}
auto sum = values.prod(0, 3); // 11
values.set(1, mint(7));
| 操作 | 内容・返り値 | 計算量 |
|---|---|---|
RangeAffineRangeSum<Mint=mint>() |
空の構造を作成 | \(O(1)\) |
RangeAffineRangeSum(values) |
vector<Mint> から構築 |
\(O(n)\) |
RangeAffineRangeSum(n,value=Mint(0)) |
長さ n、全要素 value で構築 |
\(O(n)\) |
size() |
要素数 | \(O(1)\) |
apply(l,r,a,b) / apply(p,a,b)
|
[l,r)/位置 p を a*x+b に変換 |
\(O(\log n)\) |
prod(l,r) / sum(l,r)
|
[l,r) の和。空区間なら 0 |
\(O(\log n)\) |
all_prod() / all_sum()
|
全要素の和。空なら 0 | \(O(1)\) |
get(p) / operator[](p)
|
位置 p の値 |
\(O(\log n)\) |
set(p,value) |
位置 p へ代入 |
\(O(\log n)\) |
swap(other) |
内容を交換 | \(O(1)\) |
区間は 0 <= l <= r <= size()、位置は 0 <= p < size() とします。長さは INT_MAX 以下です。コピーは独立した構造を作り、移動元は再利用できる空の構造になります。取得操作は const オブジェクトから呼べます。
Mint には通常の modint を指定します。既定の mint と atcoder::modint1000000007 に対応します。法を実行中に変更しないでください。
構築・使用空間は \(O(n)\)、更新と区間の取得は \(O(\log n)\) 時間です。modint の演算を定数時間とします。
#ifndef RANGE_AFFINE_RANGE_SUM_HPP
#define RANGE_AFFINE_RANGE_SUM_HPP
#include "../components/range_affine_sum_simd.hpp"
#include "../math/mint.hpp"
#include "lazy_segtree.hpp"
#include <cassert>
#include <cstddef>
#include <limits>
#include <memory>
#include <type_traits>
#include <utility>
#include <vector>
template<class Mint = mint>
class RangeAffineRangeSum {
struct Summary { Mint sum; int length; };
struct Affine { Mint a, b; };
static Summary op(Summary a, Summary b) { return {a.sum + b.sum, a.length + b.length}; }
static Summary e() { return {Mint(0), 0}; }
static Summary mapping(Affine f, Summary x) { return {f.a * x.sum + f.b * Mint(x.length), x.length}; }
static Affine composition(Affine f, Affine g) { return {f.a * g.a, f.a * g.b + f.b}; }
static Affine id() { return {Mint(1), Mint(0)}; }
using Fallback = LazySegtree<Summary, op, e, Affine, mapping, composition, id>;
static constexpr unsigned modulus = [] {
if constexpr (requires { std::integral_constant<unsigned, Mint::mod()>{}; }) return unsigned(Mint::mod());
else return 0U;
}();
static constexpr bool supported = modulus >= 3 && modulus < (1U << 30) && (modulus & 1);
using Fast = range_affine_sum_detail::SimdTree<supported ? modulus : 998244353>;
int n = 0;
Fast fast;
std::unique_ptr<Fallback> fallback;
void range([[maybe_unused]] int l, [[maybe_unused]] int r) const { assert(0 <= l && l <= r && r <= n); }
static Mint import(unsigned value) {
if constexpr (supported) return Mint(value >= modulus ? value - modulus : value);
else return Mint(value);
}
static std::vector<Mint> repeated(int size, const Mint &value) {
assert(size >= 0);
return std::vector<Mint>(std::size_t(size), value);
}
public:
using value_type = Mint;
RangeAffineRangeSum() = default;
explicit RangeAffineRangeSum(int size, Mint value = Mint(0)) : RangeAffineRangeSum(repeated(size, value)) {}
explicit RangeAffineRangeSum(const std::vector<Mint> &values) {
assert(values.size() <= std::size_t(std::numeric_limits<int>::max()));
n = int(values.size());
if (supported && range_affine_sum_detail::simd_available()) {
std::vector<unsigned> canonical(values.size());
for (std::size_t i = 0; i < values.size(); ++i) canonical[i] = unsigned(values[i].val());
fast.build(canonical);
} else {
std::vector<Summary> a;
a.reserve(values.size());
for (const auto &value : values) a.push_back({value, 1});
fallback = std::make_unique<Fallback>(a);
}
}
RangeAffineRangeSum(const RangeAffineRangeSum &other)
: n(other.n), fast(other.fast), fallback(other.fallback ? std::make_unique<Fallback>(*other.fallback) : nullptr) {}
RangeAffineRangeSum(RangeAffineRangeSum &&other) noexcept { swap(other); }
RangeAffineRangeSum &operator=(RangeAffineRangeSum other) noexcept { swap(other); return *this; }
int size() const { return n; }
void apply(int l, int r, Mint a, Mint b) {
range(l, r);
if (l == r) return;
if (fallback) fallback->apply(l, r, {a, b});
else fast.apply(unsigned(l), unsigned(r), unsigned(a.val()), unsigned(b.val()));
}
void apply(int p, Mint a, Mint b) { assert(0 <= p && p < n); apply(p, p + 1, a, b); }
Mint prod(int l, int r) const {
range(l, r);
if (l == r) return Mint(0);
if (fallback) return std::as_const(*fallback).prod(l, r).sum;
return import(fast.prod(unsigned(l), unsigned(r)));
}
Mint sum(int l, int r) const { return prod(l, r); }
Mint all_prod() const { return fallback ? fallback->all_prod().sum : import(fast.all_prod()); }
Mint all_sum() const { return all_prod(); }
Mint get(int p) const { assert(0 <= p && p < n); return prod(p, p + 1); }
Mint operator[](int p) const { return get(p); }
void set(int p, Mint value) { assert(0 <= p && p < n); apply(p, p + 1, Mint(0), value); }
void swap(RangeAffineRangeSum &other) noexcept {
std::swap(n, other.n); fast.swap(other.fast); fallback.swap(other.fallback);
}
friend void swap(RangeAffineRangeSum &a, RangeAffineRangeSum &b) noexcept { a.swap(b); }
};
#endif
#line 1 "data_structure/range_affine_range_sum.hpp"
#line 1 "components/range_affine_sum_simd.hpp"
#include <algorithm>
#include <array>
#include <bit>
#include <cassert>
#include <cstddef>
#include <cstdint>
#include <utility>
#include <vector>
#if defined(__x86_64__) && (defined(__GNUC__) || defined(__clang__))
#include <immintrin.h>
#endif
namespace range_affine_sum_detail {
inline bool simd_available() {
#if defined(__x86_64__) && (defined(__GNUC__) || defined(__clang__))
return __builtin_cpu_supports("avx2");
#else
return false;
#endif
}
template<unsigned Mod>
class SimdTree {
static_assert(Mod >= 3 && Mod < (1U << 30) && (Mod & 1));
static constexpr unsigned clean = 1U << 31;
static constexpr unsigned inverse = [] {
unsigned x = Mod;
for (int i = 0; i < 5; ++i) x *= 2 - Mod * x;
return 0U - x;
}();
static constexpr unsigned one = (std::uint64_t(1) << 32) % Mod;
static constexpr unsigned square = std::uint64_t(one) * one % Mod;
struct alignas(64) Leaf { std::array<unsigned, 16> sums{}; };
struct alignas(64) Branch {
std::array<unsigned, 16> sums{}, multiplier{}, translation{};
Branch() { multiplier.fill(clean | one); }
};
std::vector<Leaf> leaves;
std::vector<Branch> branches;
std::array<std::size_t, 9> offsets{};
unsigned level = 0, total_ = 0;
static unsigned reduce(std::uint64_t x) {
return (x + std::uint64_t(unsigned(x) * inverse) * Mod) >> 32;
}
static unsigned plus(unsigned a, unsigned b) {
unsigned sum = a + b;
return sum < 2 * Mod ? sum : sum - 2 * Mod;
}
static unsigned minus(unsigned a, unsigned b) {
return a >= b ? a - b : a + 2 * Mod - b;
}
static unsigned mapped(unsigned a, unsigned b, unsigned sum, unsigned length) {
return plus(reduce(std::uint64_t(a) * sum), reduce(std::uint64_t(b) * length));
}
#if defined(__x86_64__) && (defined(__GNUC__) || defined(__clang__))
using Vec = __m256i;
struct Factor { Vec multiplier, inverse_product; };
[[gnu::target("avx2"), gnu::always_inline]] static inline Factor factor(unsigned a) {
return {_mm256_set1_epi32(int(a)), _mm256_set1_epi32(int(a * inverse))};
}
[[gnu::target("avx2"), gnu::always_inline]] static inline Vec multiply(Vec x, const Factor &a) {
Vec odd = _mm256_srli_epi64(x, 32), modulus = _mm256_set1_epi32(int(Mod));
Vec lo = _mm256_mul_epu32(x, a.multiplier), hi = _mm256_mul_epu32(odd, _mm256_srli_epi64(a.multiplier, 32));
lo = _mm256_add_epi64(lo, _mm256_mul_epu32(_mm256_mul_epu32(x, a.inverse_product), modulus));
hi = _mm256_add_epi64(hi, _mm256_mul_epu32(_mm256_mul_epu32(odd, _mm256_srli_epi64(a.inverse_product, 32)), modulus));
return _mm256_blend_epi32(_mm256_srli_epi64(lo, 32), hi, 0xaa);
}
[[gnu::target("avx2"), gnu::always_inline]] static inline Vec add(Vec a, Vec b) {
Vec sum = _mm256_add_epi32(a, b);
return _mm256_min_epu32(sum, _mm256_sub_epi32(sum, _mm256_set1_epi32(int(2 * Mod))));
}
[[gnu::target("avx2"), gnu::always_inline]] static inline Vec selection(int first, int last) {
Vec index = _mm256_setr_epi32(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7);
return _mm256_and_si256(_mm256_cmpgt_epi32(index, _mm256_set1_epi32(first - 1)),
_mm256_cmpgt_epi32(_mm256_set1_epi32(last), index));
}
[[gnu::target("avx2"), gnu::always_inline]] static inline unsigned horizontal(Vec x) {
Vec sum = _mm256_add_epi64(_mm256_cvtepu32_epi64(_mm256_castsi256_si128(x)),
_mm256_cvtepu32_epi64(_mm256_extracti128_si256(x, 1)));
__m128i half = _mm_add_epi64(_mm256_castsi256_si128(sum), _mm256_extracti128_si256(sum, 1));
return (std::uint64_t(_mm_cvtsi128_si64(half)) + std::uint64_t(_mm_extract_epi64(half, 1))) % Mod;
}
[[gnu::target("avx2"), gnu::always_inline]] static inline unsigned fold(const unsigned *sums, int first, int last) {
if (last <= 8) return horizontal(_mm256_and_si256(selection(first, last), _mm256_load_si256(reinterpret_cast<const Vec *>(sums))));
if (first >= 8) return horizontal(_mm256_and_si256(selection(first - 8, last - 8), _mm256_load_si256(reinterpret_cast<const Vec *>(sums + 8))));
Vec a = _mm256_and_si256(selection(first, last), _mm256_load_si256(reinterpret_cast<const Vec *>(sums)));
Vec b = _mm256_and_si256(selection(first - 8, last - 8), _mm256_load_si256(reinterpret_cast<const Vec *>(sums + 8)));
return horizontal(_mm256_add_epi32(a, b));
}
template<bool Tags, bool Carried = false>
[[gnu::target("avx2"), gnu::always_inline]] static inline unsigned transform(unsigned *sums, unsigned *multipliers, unsigned *translations,
int first, int last, unsigned a, unsigned b, unsigned length, unsigned incoming_a = one, unsigned incoming_b = 0) {
if constexpr (Carried) {
b = plus(reduce(std::uint64_t(a) * incoming_b), b);
a = reduce(std::uint64_t(a) * incoming_a);
}
Factor scale = factor(a);
Vec offset = _mm256_set1_epi32(int(reduce(std::uint64_t(b) * length)));
Vec translation = _mm256_set1_epi32(int(b)), value_mask = _mm256_set1_epi32(int(clean - 1));
Factor before = factor(incoming_a);
Vec old_offset = _mm256_set1_epi32(int(reduce(std::uint64_t(incoming_b) * length)));
Vec old_translation = _mm256_set1_epi32(int(incoming_b));
Vec previous = _mm256_setzero_si256();
for (int i = Carried ? 0 : first & ~7; i < (Carried ? 16 : last); i += 8) {
Vec mask = selection(first - i, last - i);
auto *p = reinterpret_cast<Vec *>(sums + i);
Vec old = _mm256_load_si256(p);
previous = _mm256_add_epi32(previous, _mm256_and_si256(mask, old));
Factor selected = scale;
Vec selected_offset = offset, selected_translation = translation;
if constexpr (Carried) {
selected = {_mm256_blendv_epi8(before.multiplier, scale.multiplier, mask),
_mm256_blendv_epi8(before.inverse_product, scale.inverse_product, mask)};
selected_offset = _mm256_blendv_epi8(old_offset, offset, mask);
selected_translation = _mm256_blendv_epi8(old_translation, translation, mask);
}
Vec next = add(multiply(old, selected), selected_offset);
_mm256_store_si256(p, Carried ? next : _mm256_blendv_epi8(old, next, mask));
if constexpr (Tags) {
auto *m = reinterpret_cast<Vec *>(multipliers + i), *t = reinterpret_cast<Vec *>(translations + i);
Vec old_m = _mm256_load_si256(m), old_t = _mm256_load_si256(t);
Vec next_m = multiply(_mm256_and_si256(old_m, value_mask), selected);
Vec next_t = add(multiply(old_t, selected), selected_translation);
_mm256_store_si256(m, Carried ? next_m : _mm256_blendv_epi8(old_m, next_m, mask));
_mm256_store_si256(t, Carried ? next_t : _mm256_blendv_epi8(old_t, next_t, mask));
}
}
unsigned old = horizontal(previous);
if constexpr (Carried) return mapped(minus(a, incoming_a), minus(b, incoming_b), old, unsigned(last - first) * length);
else return minus(mapped(a, b, old, unsigned(last - first) * length), old);
}
#else
static unsigned fold(const unsigned *sums, int first, int last) {
unsigned sum = 0;
for (int i = first; i < last; ++i) sum = plus(sum, sums[i]);
return sum;
}
template<bool Tags, bool Carried = false>
static unsigned transform(unsigned *sums, unsigned *multipliers, unsigned *translations,
int first, int last, unsigned a, unsigned b, unsigned length, unsigned incoming_a = one, unsigned incoming_b = 0) {
unsigned delta = 0;
unsigned after_a = reduce(std::uint64_t(a) * incoming_a), after_b = plus(reduce(std::uint64_t(a) * incoming_b), b);
for (int i = Carried ? 0 : first; i < (Carried ? 16 : last); ++i) {
unsigned scale = a, shift = b;
if constexpr (Carried) scale = first <= i && i < last ? after_a : incoming_a, shift = first <= i && i < last ? after_b : incoming_b;
unsigned next = mapped(scale, shift, sums[i], length);
if constexpr (Carried) { if (first <= i && i < last) delta = plus(delta, minus(next, mapped(incoming_a, incoming_b, sums[i], length))); }
else delta = plus(delta, minus(next, sums[i]));
sums[i] = next;
if constexpr (Tags) {
multipliers[i] = reduce(std::uint64_t(scale) * (multipliers[i] & (clean - 1)));
translations[i] = plus(reduce(std::uint64_t(scale) * translations[i]), shift);
}
}
return delta;
}
#endif
template<bool Carried = false>
#if defined(__x86_64__) && (defined(__GNUC__) || defined(__clang__))
[[gnu::target("avx2")]]
#endif
unsigned apply_slots(unsigned depth, std::size_t block, int first, int last, unsigned a, unsigned b,
unsigned incoming_a = one, unsigned incoming_b = 0) {
if (!depth) return transform<false, Carried>(leaves[block].sums.data(), nullptr, nullptr, first, last, a, b, 1, incoming_a, incoming_b);
auto &node = branches[offsets[depth] + block];
return transform<true, Carried>(node.sums.data(), node.multiplier.data(), node.translation.data(),
first, last, a, b, unsigned(1) << (4 * depth), incoming_a, incoming_b);
}
#if defined(__x86_64__) && (defined(__GNUC__) || defined(__clang__))
[[gnu::target("avx2")]]
#endif
unsigned update(unsigned depth, std::size_t block, unsigned l, unsigned r, unsigned a, unsigned b,
unsigned incoming_a = clean | one, unsigned incoming_b = 0) {
if (!depth) return incoming_a & clean ? apply_slots<>(0, block, int(l), int(r), a, b)
: apply_slots<true>(0, block, int(l), int(r), a, b, incoming_a, incoming_b);
unsigned shift = 4 * depth, length = unsigned(1) << shift;
int first = int(l >> shift), last = int(r >> shift);
auto &node = branches[offsets[depth] + block];
unsigned delta = 0;
int full_first = first + bool(l & (length - 1));
full_first = std::min(full_first, last);
if (!(incoming_a & clean)) delta = apply_slots<true>(depth, block, full_first, last, a, b, incoming_a, incoming_b);
else if (full_first < last) delta = apply_slots<>(depth, block, full_first, last, a, b);
auto partial = [&](int slot, unsigned left, unsigned right) {
unsigned change = update(depth - 1, block * 16 + unsigned(slot), left, right, a, b, node.multiplier[slot], node.translation[slot]);
node.multiplier[slot] = clean | one;
node.translation[slot] = 0;
node.sums[slot] = plus(node.sums[slot], change);
return change;
};
if (l & (length - 1)) {
unsigned change = partial(first, l & (length - 1),
first == int((r - 1) >> shift) ? ((r - 1) & (length - 1)) + 1 : length);
delta = plus(delta, change);
if (first == int((r - 1) >> shift)) return delta;
}
if (r & (length - 1)) {
delta = plus(delta, partial(last, 0, r & (length - 1)));
}
return delta;
}
#if defined(__x86_64__) && (defined(__GNUC__) || defined(__clang__))
[[gnu::target("avx2")]]
#endif
unsigned query(unsigned depth, std::size_t block, unsigned l, unsigned r) const {
if (!depth) return fold(leaves[block].sums.data(), int(l), int(r));
unsigned shift = 4 * depth, length = unsigned(1) << shift;
int first = int(l >> shift), last = int(r >> shift);
const auto &node = branches[offsets[depth] + block];
unsigned sum = 0;
auto partial = [&](int slot, unsigned left, unsigned right) {
unsigned value = query(depth - 1, block * 16 + unsigned(slot), left, right);
return node.multiplier[slot] & clean ? value
: mapped(node.multiplier[slot], node.translation[slot], value, right - left);
};
if (l & (length - 1)) {
if (first == int((r - 1) >> shift)) return partial(first, l & (length - 1), ((r - 1) & (length - 1)) + 1);
sum = partial(first++, l & (length - 1), length);
}
if (r & (length - 1)) sum = plus(sum, partial(last, 0, r & (length - 1)));
if (first < last) sum = plus(sum, fold(node.sums.data(), first, last));
return sum;
}
public:
#if defined(__x86_64__) && (defined(__GNUC__) || defined(__clang__))
[[gnu::target("avx2")]]
#endif
void build(const std::vector<unsigned> &values) {
leaves.clear(); branches.clear(); offsets.fill(0); level = total_ = 0;
if (values.empty()) return;
unsigned base = std::bit_ceil(unsigned(values.size()));
level = (std::bit_width(base) - 1) / 4;
if (base == (unsigned(1) << (4 * level)) && level) --level;
unsigned active = base >> (4 * level);
std::size_t count = (std::size_t(base) + 15) / 16;
leaves.resize(count);
for (std::size_t i = 0; i < values.size(); ++i) leaves[i >> 4].sums[i & 15] = values[i];
std::size_t total = 0;
for (unsigned d = 1; d <= level; ++d) {
count = (count + 15) / 16;
offsets[d] = total;
total += count;
}
branches.resize(total);
for (unsigned d = 1; d <= level; ++d) {
std::size_t children = d == 1 ? leaves.size() : offsets[d] - offsets[d - 1];
for (std::size_t i = 0; i < children; ++i) {
unsigned sum = d == 1 ? fold(leaves[i].sums.data(), 0, 16)
: fold(branches[offsets[d - 1] + i].sums.data(), 0, 16);
branches[offsets[d] + (i >> 4)].sums[i & 15] = sum;
}
}
total_ = level ? fold(branches[offsets[level]].sums.data(), 0, int(active)) : fold(leaves[0].sums.data(), 0, int(active));
}
#if defined(__x86_64__) && (defined(__GNUC__) || defined(__clang__))
[[gnu::target("avx2")]]
#endif
void apply(unsigned l, unsigned r, unsigned a, unsigned b) {
if (l == r || (a == 1 && !b)) return;
a = reduce(std::uint64_t(a) * square);
b = reduce(std::uint64_t(b) * square);
total_ = plus(total_, update(level, 0, l, r, a, b));
}
#if defined(__x86_64__) && (defined(__GNUC__) || defined(__clang__))
[[gnu::target("avx2")]]
#endif
unsigned prod(unsigned l, unsigned r) const {
return l == r ? 0 : query(level, 0, l, r);
}
unsigned all_prod() const { return total_; }
void swap(SimdTree &other) noexcept {
leaves.swap(other.leaves); branches.swap(other.branches); offsets.swap(other.offsets);
std::swap(level, other.level); std::swap(total_, other.total_);
}
};
}
#line 1 "math/mint.hpp"
#line 4 "math/mint.hpp"
#include <istream>
#include <ostream>
#include <type_traits>
#if defined(__GNUC__) && !defined(__clang__) && (defined(__x86_64__) || defined(__i386__))
#pragma GCC push_options
#pragma GCC optimize("O3")
#endif
namespace mint_detail {
template <class I>
constexpr bool mint_integral = std::is_integral_v<I>
#if defined(__SIZEOF_INT128__)
|| std::is_same_v<I, __int128> || std::is_same_v<I, unsigned __int128>
#endif
;
struct [[gnu::warn_unused]] Mint {
using mint = Mint;
unsigned v = 0;
[[nodiscard]] static constexpr unsigned mod() { return 998244353; }
[[nodiscard, gnu::always_inline]] static unsigned reduce(unsigned long long x) {
return (x + (unsigned long long)(unsigned(x) * 998244351u) * mod()) >> 32;
}
[[gnu::always_inline]] Mint() = default;
template <class I, std::enable_if_t<mint_integral<I>, int> = 0>
Mint(I x) {
long long r = x % (long long)mod();
if (r < 0) r += mod();
v = reduce((unsigned long long)r * 932051910);
}
[[nodiscard, gnu::always_inline]] static Mint raw(unsigned x) {
Mint a;
a.v = reduce((unsigned long long)x * 932051910);
return a;
}
[[nodiscard, gnu::always_inline]] static Mint word(unsigned x) {
Mint a;
a.v = x;
return a;
}
[[nodiscard, gnu::always_inline]] unsigned val() const {
unsigned r = reduce(v);
return r < mod() ? r : r - mod();
}
friend std::istream &operator>>(std::istream &is, Mint &x) {
long long value;
if (is >> value) x = Mint(value);
return is;
}
friend std::ostream &operator<<(std::ostream &os, const Mint &x) {
return os << x.val();
}
[[gnu::always_inline]] Mint &operator+=(Mint b) {
v += b.v;
if (v >= 2 * mod()) v -= 2 * mod();
return *this;
}
[[gnu::always_inline]] Mint &operator-=(Mint b) {
v -= b.v;
if (v >> 31) v += 2 * mod();
return *this;
}
[[gnu::always_inline]] Mint &operator*=(Mint b) {
v = reduce((unsigned long long)v * b.v);
return *this;
}
Mint &operator/=(Mint b) { return *this *= b.inv(); }
Mint &operator++() { return *this += Mint(1); }
Mint &operator--() { return *this -= Mint(1); }
Mint operator++(int) {
Mint a = *this;
++*this;
return a;
}
Mint operator--(int) {
Mint a = *this;
--*this;
return a;
}
[[nodiscard, gnu::always_inline]] Mint operator+() const { return *this; }
[[nodiscard, gnu::always_inline]] Mint operator-() const { return word(v ? 2 * mod() - v : 0); }
[[nodiscard, gnu::always_inline]] Mint operator+(Mint b) const { return Mint(*this) += b; }
[[nodiscard, gnu::always_inline]] Mint operator-(Mint b) const { return Mint(*this) -= b; }
[[nodiscard, gnu::always_inline]] Mint operator*(Mint b) const { return Mint(*this) *= b; }
[[nodiscard]] Mint operator/(Mint b) const { return Mint(*this) /= b; }
[[nodiscard, gnu::always_inline]] bool operator==(Mint b) const { return (v < mod() ? v : v - mod()) == (b.v < mod() ? b.v : b.v - mod()); }
[[nodiscard, gnu::always_inline]] bool operator!=(Mint b) const { return !(*this == b); }
template <class I, std::enable_if_t<mint_integral<I>, int> = 0>
[[nodiscard]] friend Mint operator+(I a, Mint b) { return Mint(a) + b; }
template <class I, std::enable_if_t<mint_integral<I>, int> = 0>
[[nodiscard]] friend Mint operator-(I a, Mint b) { return Mint(a) - b; }
template <class I, std::enable_if_t<mint_integral<I>, int> = 0>
[[nodiscard]] friend Mint operator*(I a, Mint b) { return Mint(a) * b; }
template <class I, std::enable_if_t<mint_integral<I>, int> = 0>
[[nodiscard]] friend Mint operator/(I a, Mint b) { return Mint(a) / b; }
template <class I, std::enable_if_t<mint_integral<I>, int> = 0>
[[nodiscard]] friend bool operator==(I a, Mint b) { return Mint(a) == b; }
template <class I, std::enable_if_t<mint_integral<I>, int> = 0>
[[nodiscard]] friend bool operator!=(I a, Mint b) { return Mint(a) != b; }
[[nodiscard]] Mint pow(long long n) const {
assert(n >= 0);
if (!n) return Mint(1);
Mint r(1), a = *this;
for (; n > 1; n >>= 1, a *= a)
if (n & 1) r *= a;
return r * a;
}
[[nodiscard, gnu::noinline]] Mint inv() const {
assert(*this != Mint(0));
Mint a2 = *this * *this, a3 = a2 * *this;
Mint a7 = a3 * a3 * *this;
Mint a31 = a7;
for (int i = 0; i < 2; ++i) a31 *= a31;
a31 *= a3;
Mint r = a7;
for (int i = 0; i < 3; ++i) r *= r;
r *= a3;
r *= r;
for (int j = 0; j < 4; ++j) {
for (int i = 0; i < 5; ++i) r *= r;
r *= a31;
}
for (int i = 0; i < 3; ++i) r *= r;
return r * a7;
}
};
} // namespace mint_detail
using mint = mint_detail::Mint;
using fps_mint = mint;
#if defined(__GNUC__) && !defined(__clang__) && (defined(__x86_64__) || defined(__i386__))
#pragma GCC pop_options
#endif
#line 1 "data_structure/lazy_segtree.hpp"
#line 7 "data_structure/lazy_segtree.hpp"
#include <limits>
#line 10 "data_structure/lazy_segtree.hpp"
template<class S, auto op, auto e, class F, auto mapping, auto composition, auto id>
class LazySegtree {
int n_ = 0;
unsigned base_ = 1, height_ = 0;
std::vector<S> data_;
std::vector<F> lazy_;
std::vector<unsigned char> dirty_;
void pull(unsigned k) { data_[k] = op(data_[k * 2], data_[k * 2 + 1]); }
void all_apply(unsigned k, const F &f) {
data_[k] = mapping(f, data_[k]);
if (k < base_) {
lazy_[k] = dirty_[k] ? composition(f, lazy_[k]) : f;
dirty_[k] = true;
}
}
void push(unsigned k) {
if (!dirty_[k]) return;
all_apply(k * 2, lazy_[k]);
all_apply(k * 2 + 1, lazy_[k]);
dirty_[k] = false;
}
void push_path(unsigned p) {
for (unsigned i = height_; i; --i) push(p >> i);
}
void push_boundaries(unsigned l, unsigned r) {
for (unsigned i = height_; i; --i) {
if ((l >> i) << i != l) push(l >> i);
if ((r >> i) << i != r) push((r - 1) >> i);
}
}
void allocate(int n) {
assert(n >= 0);
n_ = n;
base_ = std::bit_ceil(unsigned(n) ? unsigned(n) : 1U);
height_ = std::countr_zero(base_);
data_.assign(std::size_t(base_) * 2, e());
lazy_.assign(base_, id());
dirty_.assign(base_, false);
}
void vertex([[maybe_unused]] int p) const { assert(0 <= p && p < n_); }
void range([[maybe_unused]] int l, [[maybe_unused]] int r) const { assert(0 <= l && l <= r && r <= n_); }
S prod_rec(unsigned k, unsigned l, unsigned r, unsigned ql, unsigned qr) const {
if (ql <= l && r <= qr) return data_[k];
unsigned m = l + (r - l) / 2;
S value = qr <= m ? prod_rec(k * 2, l, m, ql, qr)
: m <= ql ? prod_rec(k * 2 + 1, m, r, ql, qr)
: op(prod_rec(k * 2, l, m, ql, qr), prod_rec(k * 2 + 1, m, r, ql, qr));
return dirty_[k] ? mapping(lazy_[k], value) : value;
}
public:
explicit LazySegtree(int n = 0) { allocate(n); }
explicit LazySegtree(const std::vector<S> &a) {
assert(a.size() <= std::size_t(std::numeric_limits<int>::max()));
allocate(static_cast<int>(a.size()));
for (int i = 0; i < n_; ++i) data_[base_ + unsigned(i)] = a[i];
for (unsigned k = base_ - 1; k; --k) pull(k);
}
[[nodiscard]] int size() const { return n_; }
void set(int p, S value) {
vertex(p);
unsigned k = base_ + unsigned(p);
push_path(k);
data_[k] = std::move(value);
for (k >>= 1; k; k >>= 1) pull(k);
}
[[nodiscard]] S get(int p) {
vertex(p);
unsigned k = base_ + unsigned(p);
push_path(k);
return data_[k];
}
[[nodiscard]] S all_prod() const { return data_[1]; }
[[nodiscard]] S prod(int l, int r) {
range(l, r);
if (l == r) return e();
unsigned a = base_ + unsigned(l), b = base_ + unsigned(r);
push_boundaries(a, b);
S left = e(), right = e();
while (a < b) {
if (a & 1) left = op(left, data_[a++]);
if (b & 1) right = op(data_[--b], right);
a >>= 1, b >>= 1;
}
return op(left, right);
}
[[nodiscard]] S prod(int l, int r) const {
range(l, r);
if (l == r) return e();
return prod_rec(1, 0, base_, unsigned(l), unsigned(r));
}
void apply(int p, F f) {
vertex(p);
unsigned k = base_ + unsigned(p);
push_path(k);
data_[k] = mapping(f, data_[k]);
for (k >>= 1; k; k >>= 1) pull(k);
}
void apply(int l, int r, F f) {
range(l, r);
if (l == r) return;
unsigned a = base_ + unsigned(l), b = base_ + unsigned(r), first = a, last = b;
push_boundaries(a, b);
while (a < b) {
if (a & 1) all_apply(a++, f);
if (b & 1) all_apply(--b, f);
a >>= 1, b >>= 1;
}
for (unsigned i = 1; i <= height_; ++i) {
if ((first >> i) << i != first) pull(first >> i);
if ((last >> i) << i != last) pull((last - 1) >> i);
}
}
template<auto predicate> [[nodiscard]] int max_right(int l) { return max_right(l, predicate); }
template<class Pred> [[nodiscard]] int max_right(int l, Pred predicate) {
range(l, l);
assert(predicate(e()));
if (l == n_) return n_;
unsigned k = base_ + unsigned(l);
push_path(k);
S acc = e();
do {
while (!(k & 1)) k >>= 1;
S next = op(acc, data_[k]);
if (!predicate(next)) {
while (k < base_) {
push(k);
k *= 2;
S part = op(acc, data_[k]);
if (predicate(part)) acc = std::move(part), ++k;
}
return static_cast<int>(k - base_);
}
acc = std::move(next);
++k;
} while ((k & -k) != k);
return n_;
}
template<auto predicate> [[nodiscard]] int min_left(int r) { return min_left(r, predicate); }
template<class Pred> [[nodiscard]] int min_left(int r, Pred predicate) {
range(r, r);
assert(predicate(e()));
if (!r) return 0;
unsigned k = base_ + unsigned(r);
push_path(k - 1);
S acc = e();
do {
--k;
while (k > 1 && (k & 1)) k >>= 1;
S next = op(data_[k], acc);
if (!predicate(next)) {
while (k < base_) {
push(k);
k = k * 2 + 1;
S part = op(data_[k], acc);
if (predicate(part)) acc = std::move(part), --k;
}
return static_cast<int>(k + 1 - base_);
}
acc = std::move(next);
} while ((k & -k) != k);
return 0;
}
};
#line 10 "data_structure/range_affine_range_sum.hpp"
#include <memory>
#line 14 "data_structure/range_affine_range_sum.hpp"
template<class Mint = mint>
class RangeAffineRangeSum {
struct Summary { Mint sum; int length; };
struct Affine { Mint a, b; };
static Summary op(Summary a, Summary b) { return {a.sum + b.sum, a.length + b.length}; }
static Summary e() { return {Mint(0), 0}; }
static Summary mapping(Affine f, Summary x) { return {f.a * x.sum + f.b * Mint(x.length), x.length}; }
static Affine composition(Affine f, Affine g) { return {f.a * g.a, f.a * g.b + f.b}; }
static Affine id() { return {Mint(1), Mint(0)}; }
using Fallback = LazySegtree<Summary, op, e, Affine, mapping, composition, id>;
static constexpr unsigned modulus = [] {
if constexpr (requires { std::integral_constant<unsigned, Mint::mod()>{}; }) return unsigned(Mint::mod());
else return 0U;
}();
static constexpr bool supported = modulus >= 3 && modulus < (1U << 30) && (modulus & 1);
using Fast = range_affine_sum_detail::SimdTree<supported ? modulus : 998244353>;
int n = 0;
Fast fast;
std::unique_ptr<Fallback> fallback;
void range([[maybe_unused]] int l, [[maybe_unused]] int r) const { assert(0 <= l && l <= r && r <= n); }
static Mint import(unsigned value) {
if constexpr (supported) return Mint(value >= modulus ? value - modulus : value);
else return Mint(value);
}
static std::vector<Mint> repeated(int size, const Mint &value) {
assert(size >= 0);
return std::vector<Mint>(std::size_t(size), value);
}
public:
using value_type = Mint;
RangeAffineRangeSum() = default;
explicit RangeAffineRangeSum(int size, Mint value = Mint(0)) : RangeAffineRangeSum(repeated(size, value)) {}
explicit RangeAffineRangeSum(const std::vector<Mint> &values) {
assert(values.size() <= std::size_t(std::numeric_limits<int>::max()));
n = int(values.size());
if (supported && range_affine_sum_detail::simd_available()) {
std::vector<unsigned> canonical(values.size());
for (std::size_t i = 0; i < values.size(); ++i) canonical[i] = unsigned(values[i].val());
fast.build(canonical);
} else {
std::vector<Summary> a;
a.reserve(values.size());
for (const auto &value : values) a.push_back({value, 1});
fallback = std::make_unique<Fallback>(a);
}
}
RangeAffineRangeSum(const RangeAffineRangeSum &other)
: n(other.n), fast(other.fast), fallback(other.fallback ? std::make_unique<Fallback>(*other.fallback) : nullptr) {}
RangeAffineRangeSum(RangeAffineRangeSum &&other) noexcept { swap(other); }
RangeAffineRangeSum &operator=(RangeAffineRangeSum other) noexcept { swap(other); return *this; }
int size() const { return n; }
void apply(int l, int r, Mint a, Mint b) {
range(l, r);
if (l == r) return;
if (fallback) fallback->apply(l, r, {a, b});
else fast.apply(unsigned(l), unsigned(r), unsigned(a.val()), unsigned(b.val()));
}
void apply(int p, Mint a, Mint b) { assert(0 <= p && p < n); apply(p, p + 1, a, b); }
Mint prod(int l, int r) const {
range(l, r);
if (l == r) return Mint(0);
if (fallback) return std::as_const(*fallback).prod(l, r).sum;
return import(fast.prod(unsigned(l), unsigned(r)));
}
Mint sum(int l, int r) const { return prod(l, r); }
Mint all_prod() const { return fallback ? fallback->all_prod().sum : import(fast.all_prod()); }
Mint all_sum() const { return all_prod(); }
Mint get(int p) const { assert(0 <= p && p < n); return prod(p, p + 1); }
Mint operator[](int p) const { return get(p); }
void set(int p, Mint value) { assert(0 <= p && p < n); apply(p, p + 1, Mint(0), value); }
void swap(RangeAffineRangeSum &other) noexcept {
std::swap(n, other.n); fast.swap(other.fast); fallback.swap(other.fallback);
}
friend void swap(RangeAffineRangeSum &a, RangeAffineRangeSum &b) noexcept { a.swap(b); }
};